虚拟路由冗余协议VRRP（Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol）是通过把几台路由设备联合组成一台虚拟的路由设备，将虚拟路由设备的IP地址作为用户的默认网关实现与外部网络通信。当网关设备发生故障时，VRRP机制能够选举新的网关设备承担数据流量，从而保障网络的可靠通信。本文将介绍如何在华为路由器上配置vrrp协议实现网关的冗余。拓扑如下图所示：

具体配置如下：

R1：

[R1]interface g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.254 24

[R1]interface g0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.13.1 24

R2：

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.253 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.23.1 24

R3：

[R3]interface g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.13.2 24

[R3]interface g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.13.2 24

[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 10.0.0.1 24

R1、R2配置vrrp，并监控g0/0/1：

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.250

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 50




[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.250

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 51

R1、R2、R3配置静态路由，确保全网互通：

[R1]ip route-static 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.2

[R2]ip route-static 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.23.2

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.1

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.23.1

测试：

R1上查看vrrp：

R2上查看vrrp：

在PC上测试：

模拟R2->R3线路故障，将R3的G0/0/0口shutdown，测试路由：

在PC上跟踪路由：

R2上看vrrp：

如上图所示，vrrp自动切换R2为master路由，链路备份成功。