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  • 磁盘Gpt和Mbr的区别
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">1、gpt和mbr的区别一:兼容上的区别。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">两者的兼容性不一样。gpt格式引导时最开始的一部分有一段还是mbr引导。这是为了保护引导过程。在内存支持上,mbr最多支持2T,gpt理论上是没有限度的。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d101c383fdb2.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-24/5d101c383fdb2.png" alt="1.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">2、gpt和mbr的区别二:空间分区上的区别。</p> <ol class="exp-conent-orderlist list-paddingleft-2" style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 20px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; box-sizing: border-box;"> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">mbr格式最多支持4个硬盘分区。而gpt格式没有这个限制。想创建几个就创建几个。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d101c43d0940.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-24/5d101c43d0940.png" alt="2.png" /></p> </li> </ol> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">3、gpt和mbr的区别三:系统支持上的区别。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">win7以上版本(不含括win7)支持mbr格式和gpt格式的安装。且苹果系统也支持gpt格式。但是win7以下版本(含括win7)不支持gpt格式,支持mbr格式。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d101c4cb58eb.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-24/5d101c4cb58eb.png" alt="3.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">磁盘格式装换步骤一:电脑用户打开任意的分区工具。如果没有可以到网上进行搜索下载。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d101c5503068.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-24/5d101c5503068.png" alt="4.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">磁盘格式装换步骤二:打开分区工具以后。在硬盘列表中找到且右击需要转换格式的硬盘。最后点击菜单功能中的转换功能即可。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d101c685c407.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-24/5d101c685c407.png" alt="5.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">温馨小提示:在做硬盘的操作时一定主要备份硬盘中的重要数据。以防止在操作是导致重要数据损坏或者丢失。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <ol class="exp-conent-orderlist list-paddingleft-2" style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 20px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; box-sizing: border-box;"> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> </li> </ol> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • WinSCP使用教程
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 26px; outline: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, 'SF UI Text', Arial, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', sans-serif, SimHei, SimSun; color: #4f4f4f; overflow-x: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: justify;">WinSCP下载地址:<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei', 'SF Pro Display', Roboto, Noto, Arial, 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;</span><a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #6795b5; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei', 'SF Pro Display', Roboto, Noto, Arial, 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word;" href="http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eQMBPjc" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eQMBPjc</a><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei', 'SF Pro Display', Roboto, Noto, Arial, 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;</span></p> <h2 style="margin: 8px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 32px; outline: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-family: -apple-system, 'SF UI Text', Arial, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', sans-serif, SimHei, SimSun; color: #4f4f4f; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1、安装WinSCP</h2> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 26px; outline: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, 'SF UI Text', Arial, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', sans-serif, SimHei, SimSun; color: #4f4f4f; overflow-x: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: justify;">安装非常简单,和普通软件安装是一样的选择安装路径,其他默认就行</p> <h2 style="margin: 8px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 32px; outline: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-family: -apple-system, 'SF UI Text', Arial, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', sans-serif, SimHei, SimSun; color: #4f4f4f; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2、连接远程Linux主机,上传和下载文件</h2> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 26px; outline: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, 'SF UI Text', Arial, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', sans-serif, SimHei, SimSun; color: #4f4f4f; overflow-x: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: justify;">如下图所示,在打开的页面填写远程主机的IP,用户名和密码,点击保存,会在页面的左边出现一个站点,下次可直接双击该站点,就可以登录到远程主机上了。<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei', 'SF Pro Display', Roboto, Noto, Arial, 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="" src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20151217142226853" alt="这里写图片描述" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei', 'SF Pro Display', Roboto, Noto, Arial, 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />上传和下载,直接在你想要上传和下载的文件上右键,选择上传或下载就可以,也可以直接用鼠标拖动文件。<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei', 'SF Pro Display', Roboto, Noto, Arial, 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="" src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20151217142811486" alt="这里写图片描述" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • 跃点数概念
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 28px;">   跃点:即路由。一个路由为一个跃点。传输过程中需要经过多个网络,每个被经过的网络设备点(有能力路由的)叫做一个跃点,地址就是它的ip。跃点数是经过了多少个跃点的累加器,为了防止无用的数据包在网上流散。 为路由指定所需跃点数的整数值(范围是 1 ~ 9999),它用来在路由表里的多个路由中选择与转发包中的目标地址最为匹配的路由。所选的路由具有最少的跃点数。跃点数能够反映跃点的数量、路径的速度、路径可靠性、路径吞吐量以及管理属性。</span></span></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; color: #333333;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></span></span>ping 命令中返回的ttl即可反映跃点数。它每经过一个<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">路由</a>及减一。通过它一般可猜测目标机的系统。TTL 字段值可以帮助我们识别操作系统类型。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">UNIX 及类 UNIX 操作系统 ICMP&nbsp;<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%9B%9E%E6%98%BE" target="_blank" rel="noopener">回显</a>应答的 TTL 字段值为 255 Compaq Tru64 5.0 ICMP 回显应答的 TTL 字段值为 64</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">Windows NT/2K操作系统 ICMP 回显应答的 TTL 字段值为 128</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">Windows 95 操作系统 ICMP 回显应答的 TTL 字段值为 32</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">在一般情况下还可以通过ping对方让对方返回给你的TTL值大小,粗略的判断目标<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%BB%E6%9C%BA" target="_blank" rel="noopener">主机</a>的系统类型是Windows系列还是UNIX/Linux系列,一般情况下Windows系列的系统返回的TTL值在100-130之间,而UNIX/Linux系列的系统返回的TTL值在240-255之间,当然TTL的值在对方的主机里是可以修改的,Windows系列的系统可以通过修改注册表以下键值实现:</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEsys temCurrentControlSetServicesTcpipParameters]</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">"DefaultTTL"=<a href="dword:000000ff">dword:000000ff</a></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">255---FF</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">128---80</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">64----40</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">32----20</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">当然,系统的ttl是可以修改的。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">不同的操作系统,它的TTL值是不相同的。默认情况下,Linux系统的TTL值为64或255,Windows NT/2000/XP系统的TTL值为128,Windows 98系统的TTL值为32,UNIX主机的TTL值为255。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">简单的伪装操作系统的方法,就是修改TTL.</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">Windows下修改方法:</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">修改TTL值其实非常简单,通过<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%99%A8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">注册表编辑器</a>就可以实现,点击&ldquo;开始&rarr;运行&rdquo;,在&ldquo;运行&rdquo;对话框中输入&ldquo;regedit&rdquo;命令并回车,弹出&ldquo;注册表编辑器&rdquo; 对话框,展开&ldquo;HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESystemCurrentControlSetServicesTcpip Parameters&rdquo;,找到&ldquo;DefaultTTL&rdquo;,将该值修改为十进制的&ldquo;255&rdquo;,重新启动<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" target="_blank" rel="noopener">服务器系统</a>后即可。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">Linux下修改方法:</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">方法1(重启后有效):</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">#sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_default_ttl=N</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">(N=0~255),若N>255,则ttl=0</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">方法2(重启后无效):</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">#echo N(N为0~255) > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_default_ttl</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p> <h2 class="title-text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px 0px 18px; font-weight: 400; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 22px; float: left;">各种跃点数的标准</h2> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;"><a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" style="color: #888888; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; float: right; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; font-size: 12px; font-family: SimSun; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">编辑</a></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 200 MB 10</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 20 MB,并且小于或等于 200 MB 20</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 4 MB,并且小于或等于 20 MB 30</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 500 KB并且小于或等于 4 MB40</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">小于或等于 500 KB 50</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">下表列出了运行 Windows XP Service Pack 2 的计算机的链接速度和跃点数。链接速度 跃点数</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 200 MB 10</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 80 MB,并且小于或等于 200 MB 20</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 20 MB,并且小于或等于 80 MB 25</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 4 MB,并且小于或等于 20 MB 30</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">大于 500 KB,并且小于或等于 4 MB 40</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">小于或等于 500 KB 50</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&ldquo;自动跃点计数&rdquo;功能分别为网络中的每一个网络接口配置跃点数。该功能非常适用于有多个相同速度的网络接口的场合,例如,当每个网络接口都被分配了一个<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%BB%98%E8%AE%A4%E7%BD%91%E5%85%B3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">默认网关</a>时。在这种情况下,您可能需要手动配置一个网络接口上的跃点数,然后启用&ldquo;自动跃点计数&rdquo;功能来配置其他网络接口上的跃点数。使用这种设置可以控制在 IP 流量<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">路由</a>中首先使用的网络接口。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">此外,可以单独为每一个<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BD%91%E5%85%B3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">网关</a>配置分配给特定默认网关的跃点数。这将有助于进一步控制用于本地路由的跃点数。例如,可以启用&ldquo;自动跃点计数&rdquo;功能来配置分配给网络接口的路由,同时手动配置分配给默认网关的跃点数。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">注意:如果跃点数是在网络接口级别指定的,而网关被添加和配置了&ldquo;自动跃点计数&rdquo;功能,则该网关可以继承分配给网络接口的跃点数。例如,如果在网络接口级别分配了一个&ldquo;5&rdquo;的跃点数,然后添加了一个网关,并为该网关选中了&ldquo;自动跃点计数&rdquo;功能,则该网关也会被分配一个&ldquo;5&rdquo;的跃点数。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">这种&ldquo;自动跃点计数&rdquo;功能和&ldquo;间隔<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BD%91%E5%85%B3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">网关</a>检测&rdquo;功能不同,后者强制网络来切换基于传输控制协议 (TCP) 重发的<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%BB%98%E8%AE%A4%E7%BD%91%E5%85%B3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">默认网关</a>。此外,&ldquo;<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">路由</a>和<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE" target="_blank" rel="noopener">远程访问</a>&rdquo;功能也不激活&ldquo;间隔网关检测&rdquo;功能。这种激活由计算机中启动 TCP 会话的 TCP/IP&nbsp;<a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #136ec2; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%A0%86%E6%A0%88" target="_blank" rel="noopener">堆栈</a>来执行。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; color: #2a303b; font-family: MicrosoftYaHei; font-size: 13.496px;">&nbsp;</p>

  • Linux常用命令
    2020-07-04

    <p>端口监听查看:</p><p><br/></p><p>ss -tln 查看TCP的listen的端口</p><p><br/></p><p>ss -tlnp 查看哪些进程使用了监听端口</p><p>防火墙</p><p><br/></p><p>systemctl status iptables (或service iptables status) 查看防火墙状态</p><p><br/></p><p>systemctl stop iptables(或service iptables stop) 关闭防火墙</p><p>系统信息&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>curl ifconfig.me 查找本机公网IP</p><p><br/></p><p>arch 显示机器的处理器架构(1)&nbsp;</p><p>uname -m 显示机器的处理器架构(2)&nbsp;</p><p>uname -r 显示正在使用的内核版本&nbsp;</p><p>dmidecode -q 显示硬件系统部件 - (SMBIOS / DMI)&nbsp;</p><p>hdparm -i /dev/hda 罗列一个磁盘的架构特性&nbsp;</p><p>hdparm -tT /dev/sda 在磁盘上执行测试性读取操作&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/cpuinfo 显示CPU info的信息&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/interrupts 显示中断&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/meminfo 校验内存使用&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/swaps 显示哪些swap被使用&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/version 显示内核的版本&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/net/dev 显示网络适配器及统计&nbsp;</p><p>cat /proc/mounts 显示已加载的文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>lspci -tv 罗列 PCI 设备&nbsp;</p><p>lsusb -tv 显示 USB 设备&nbsp;</p><p>date 显示系统日期&nbsp;</p><p>cal 2007 显示2007年的日历表&nbsp;</p><p>date 041217002007.00 设置日期和时间 - 月日时分年.秒&nbsp;</p><p>clock -w 将时间修改保存到 BIOS&nbsp;</p><p>ps命令常用用法(方便查看系统进程)</p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p>1)ps a 显示现行终端机下的所有程序,包括其他用户的程序。</p><p>2)ps -A 显示所有进程。</p><p>3)ps c 列出程序时,显示每个程序真正的指令名称,而不包含路径,参数或常驻服务的标示。</p><p>4)ps -e 此参数的效果和指定&quot;A&quot;参数相同。</p><p>5)ps e 列出程序时,显示每个程序所使用的环境变量。</p><p>6)ps f 用ASCII字符显示树状结构,表达程序间的相互关系。</p><p>7)ps -H 显示树状结构,表示程序间的相互关系。</p><p>8)ps -N 显示所有的程序,除了执行ps指令终端机下的程序之外。</p><p>9)ps s 采用程序信号的格式显示程序状况。</p><p>10)ps S 列出程序时,包括已中断的子程序资料。</p><p>11)ps -t&lt;终端机编号&gt;  指定终端机编号,并列出属于该终端机的程序的状况。</p><p>12)ps u  以用户为主的格式来显示程序状况。</p><p>13)ps x  显示所有程序,不以终端机来区分。</p><p><br/></p><p>常用指令组合 :ps aux,然后再通过管道使用grep命令过滤查找特定的进程,然后再对特定的进程进行操作。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; ps aux | grep program_filter_word,ps -ef |grep tomcat</p><p>ps -ef|grep java|grep -v grep 显示出所有的java进程,去处掉当前的grep进程。</p><p>关机 (系统的关机、重启以及登出 )&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>shutdown -h now 关闭系统(1)&nbsp;</p><p>init 0 关闭系统(2)&nbsp;</p><p>telinit 0 关闭系统(3)&nbsp;</p><p>shutdown -h hours:minutes &amp; 按预定时间关闭系统&nbsp;</p><p>shutdown -c 取消按预定时间关闭系统&nbsp;</p><p>shutdown -r now 重启(1)&nbsp;</p><p>reboot 重启(2)&nbsp;</p><p>logout 注销&nbsp;</p><p>文件和目录&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>cd /home 进入 &#39;/ home&#39; 目录&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>cd .. 返回上一级目录&nbsp;</p><p>cd ../.. 返回上两级目录&nbsp;</p><p>cd 进入个人的主目录&nbsp;</p><p>cd ~user1 进入个人的主目录&nbsp;</p><p>cd - 返回上次所在的目录&nbsp;</p><p>pwd 显示工作路径&nbsp;</p><p>ls 查看目录中的文件&nbsp;</p><p>ls -F 查看目录中的文件&nbsp;</p><p>ls -l 显示文件和目录的详细资料&nbsp;</p><p>ls -a 显示隐藏文件&nbsp;</p><p>ls *[0-9]* 显示包含数字的文件名和目录名&nbsp;</p><p>tree 显示文件和目录由根目录开始的树形结构(1)&nbsp;</p><p>lstree 显示文件和目录由根目录开始的树形结构(2)&nbsp;</p><p>mkdir dir1 创建一个叫做 &#39;dir1&#39; 的目录&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>mkdir dir1 dir2 同时创建两个目录&nbsp;</p><p>mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2 创建一个目录树&nbsp;</p><p>rm -f file1 删除一个叫做 &#39;file1&#39; 的文件&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>rmdir dir1 删除一个叫做 &#39;dir1&#39; 的目录&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>rm -rf dir1 删除一个叫做 &#39;dir1&#39; 的目录并同时删除其内容&nbsp;</p><p>rm -rf dir1 dir2 同时删除两个目录及它们的内容&nbsp;</p><p>mv dir1 new_dir 重命名/移动 一个目录&nbsp;</p><p>cp file1 file2 复制一个文件&nbsp;</p><p>cp dir/* . 复制一个目录下的所有文件到当前工作目录&nbsp;</p><p>cp -a /tmp/dir1 . 复制一个目录到当前工作目录&nbsp;</p><p>cp -a dir1 dir2 复制一个目录&nbsp;</p><p>ln -s file1 lnk1 创建一个指向文件或目录的软链接&nbsp;</p><p>ln file1 lnk1 创建一个指向文件或目录的物理链接&nbsp;</p><p>touch -t 0712250000 file1 修改一个文件或目录的时间戳 - (YYMMDDhhmm)&nbsp;</p><p>file file1 outputs the mime type of the file as text&nbsp;</p><p>iconv -l 列出已知的编码&nbsp;</p><p>iconv -f fromEncoding -t toEncoding inputFile &gt; outputFile creates a new from the given input file by assuming it is encoded in fromEncoding and converting it to toEncoding.&nbsp;</p><p>find . -maxdepth 1 -name *.jpg -print -exec convert &quot;{}&quot; -resize 80x60 &quot;thumbs/{}&quot; \; batch resize files in the current directory and send them to a thumbnails directory (requires convert from Imagemagick)&nbsp;</p><p>文件搜索&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>find / -name file1 从 &#39;/&#39; 开始进入根文件系统搜索文件和目录&nbsp;</p><p>find / -user user1 搜索属于用户 &#39;user1&#39; 的文件和目录&nbsp;</p><p>find /home/user1 -name \*.bin 在目录 &#39;/ home/user1&#39; 中搜索带有&#39;.bin&#39; 结尾的文件&nbsp;</p><p>find /usr/bin -type f -atime +100 搜索在过去100天内未被使用过的执行文件&nbsp;</p><p>find /usr/bin -type f -mtime -10 搜索在10天内被创建或者修改过的文件&nbsp;</p><p>find / -name \*.rpm -exec chmod 755 &#39;{}&#39; \; 搜索以 &#39;.rpm&#39; 结尾的文件并定义其权限&nbsp;</p><p>find / -xdev -name \*.rpm 搜索以 &#39;.rpm&#39; 结尾的文件,忽略光驱、捷盘等可移动设备&nbsp;</p><p>locate \*.ps 寻找以 &#39;.ps&#39; 结尾的文件 - 先运行 &#39;updatedb&#39; 命令&nbsp;</p><p>whereis halt 显示一个二进制文件、源码或man的位置&nbsp;</p><p>which halt 显示一个二进制文件或可执行文件的完整路径&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>挂载一个文件系统&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/hda2 挂载一个叫做hda2的盘 - 确定目录 &#39;/ mnt/hda2&#39; 已经存在&nbsp;</p><p>umount /dev/hda2 卸载一个叫做hda2的盘 - 先从挂载点 &#39;/ mnt/hda2&#39; 退出&nbsp;</p><p>fuser -km /mnt/hda2 当设备繁忙时强制卸载&nbsp;</p><p>umount -n /mnt/hda2 运行卸载操作而不写入 /etc/mtab 文件- 当文件为只读或当磁盘写满时非常有用&nbsp;</p><p>mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy 挂载一个软盘&nbsp;</p><p>mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom 挂载一个cdrom或dvdrom&nbsp;</p><p>mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrecorder 挂载一个cdrw或dvdrom&nbsp;</p><p>mount /dev/hdb /mnt/cdrecorder 挂载一个cdrw或dvdrom&nbsp;</p><p>mount -o loop file.iso /mnt/cdrom 挂载一个文件或ISO镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>mount -t vfat /dev/hda5 /mnt/hda5 挂载一个Windows FAT32文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usbdisk 挂载一个usb 捷盘或闪存设备&nbsp;</p><p>mount -t smbfs -o username=user,password=pass //WinClient/share /mnt/share 挂载一个windows网络共享&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>磁盘空间&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>df -h 显示已经挂载的分区列表&nbsp;</p><p>ls -lSr |more 以尺寸大小排列文件和目录&nbsp;</p><p>du -sh dir1 估算目录 &#39;dir1&#39; 已经使用的磁盘空间&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>du -sk * | sort -rn 以容量大小为依据依次显示文件和目录的大小&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -q -a --qf &#39;%10{SIZE}t%{NAME}n&#39; | sort -k1,1n 以大小为依据依次显示已安装的rpm包所使用的空间 (fedora, redhat类系统)&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg-query -W -f=&#39;${Installed-Size;10}t${Package}n&#39; | sort -k1,1n 以大小为依据显示已安装的deb包所使用的空间 (ubuntu, debian类系统)&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>用户和群组&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>groupadd group_name 创建一个新用户组&nbsp;</p><p>groupdel group_name 删除一个用户组&nbsp;</p><p>groupmod -n new_group_name old_group_name 重命名一个用户组&nbsp;</p><p>useradd -c &quot;Name Surname &quot; -g admin -d /home/user1 -s /bin/bash user1 创建一个属于 &quot;admin&quot; 用户组的用户&nbsp;</p><p>useradd user1 创建一个新用户&nbsp;</p><p>userdel -r user1 删除一个用户 ( &#39;-r&#39; 排除主目录)&nbsp;</p><p>usermod -c &quot;User FTP&quot; -g system -d /ftp/user1 -s /bin/nologin user1 修改用户属性&nbsp;</p><p>passwd 修改口令&nbsp;</p><p>passwd user1 修改一个用户的口令 (只允许root执行)&nbsp;</p><p>chage -E 2005-12-31 user1 设置用户口令的失效期限&nbsp;</p><p>pwck 检查 &#39;/etc/passwd&#39; 的文件格式和语法修正以及存在的用户&nbsp;</p><p>grpck 检查 &#39;/etc/passwd&#39; 的文件格式和语法修正以及存在的群组&nbsp;</p><p>newgrp group_name 登陆进一个新的群组以改变新创建文件的预设群组&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>文件的权限 - 使用 &quot;+&quot; 设置权限,使用 &quot;-&quot; 用于取消&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>ls -lh 显示权限&nbsp;</p><p>ls /tmp | pr -T5 -W$COLUMNS 将终端划分成5栏显示&nbsp;</p><p>chmod ugo+rwx directory1 设置目录的所有人(u)、群组(g)以及其他人(o)以读(r )、写(w)和执行(x)的权限&nbsp;</p><p>chmod go-rwx directory1 删除群组(g)与其他人(o)对目录的读写执行权限&nbsp;</p><p>chown user1 file1 改变一个文件的所有人属性&nbsp;</p><p>chown -R user1 directory1 改变一个目录的所有人属性并同时改变改目录下所有文件的属性&nbsp;</p><p>chgrp group1 file1 改变文件的群组&nbsp;</p><p>chown user1:group1 file1 改变一个文件的所有人和群组属性&nbsp;</p><p>find / -perm -u+s 罗列一个系统中所有使用了SUID控制的文件&nbsp;</p><p>chmod u+s /bin/file1 设置一个二进制文件的 SUID 位 - 运行该文件的用户也被赋予和所有者同样的权限&nbsp;</p><p>chmod u-s /bin/file1 禁用一个二进制文件的 SUID位&nbsp;</p><p>chmod g+s /home/public 设置一个目录的SGID 位 - 类似SUID ,不过这是针对目录的&nbsp;</p><p>chmod g-s /home/public 禁用一个目录的 SGID 位&nbsp;</p><p>chmod o+t /home/public 设置一个文件的 STIKY 位 - 只允许合法所有人删除文件&nbsp;</p><p>chmod o-t /home/public 禁用一个目录的 STIKY 位&nbsp;</p><p>文件的特殊属性 - 使用 &quot;+&quot; 设置权限,使用 &quot;-&quot; 用于取消&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>chattr +a file1 只允许以追加方式读写文件&nbsp;</p><p>chattr +c file1 允许这个文件能被内核自动压缩/解压&nbsp;</p><p>chattr +d file1 在进行文件系统备份时,dump程序将忽略这个文件&nbsp;</p><p>chattr +i file1 设置成不可变的文件,不能被删除、修改、重命名或者链接&nbsp;</p><p>chattr +s file1 允许一个文件被安全地删除&nbsp;</p><p>chattr +S file1 一旦应用程序对这个文件执行了写操作,使系统立刻把修改的结果写到磁盘&nbsp;</p><p>chattr +u file1 若文件被删除,系统会允许你在以后恢复这个被删除的文件&nbsp;</p><p>lsattr 显示特殊的属性&nbsp;</p><p>打包和压缩文件&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>bunzip2 file1.bz2 解压一个叫做 &#39;file1.bz2&#39;的文件&nbsp;</p><p>bzip2 file1 压缩一个叫做 &#39;file1&#39; 的文件&nbsp;</p><p>gunzip file1.gz 解压一个叫做 &#39;file1.gz&#39;的文件&nbsp;</p><p>gzip file1 压缩一个叫做 &#39;file1&#39;的文件&nbsp;</p><p>gzip -9 file1 最大程度压缩&nbsp;</p><p>rar a file1.rar test_file 创建一个叫做 &#39;file1.rar&#39; 的包&nbsp;</p><p>rar a file1.rar file1 file2 dir1 同时压缩 &#39;file1&#39;, &#39;file2&#39; 以及目录 &#39;dir1&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>rar x file1.rar 解压rar包&nbsp;</p><p>unrar x file1.rar 解压rar包&nbsp;</p><p>tar -cvf archive.tar file1 创建一个非压缩的 tarball&nbsp;</p><p>tar -cvf archive.tar file1 file2 dir1 创建一个包含了 &#39;file1&#39;, &#39;file2&#39; 以及 &#39;dir1&#39;的档案文件&nbsp;</p><p>tar -tf archive.tar 显示一个包中的内容&nbsp;</p><p>tar -xvf archive.tar 释放一个包&nbsp;</p><p>tar -xvf archive.tar -C /tmp 将压缩包释放到 /tmp目录下&nbsp;</p><p>tar -cvfj archive.tar.bz2 dir1 创建一个bzip2格式的压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>tar -xvfj archive.tar.bz2 解压一个bzip2格式的压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>tar -cvfz archive.tar.gz dir1 创建一个gzip格式的压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>tar -xvfz archive.tar.gz 解压一个gzip格式的压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>zip file1.zip file1 创建一个zip格式的压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>zip -r file1.zip file1 file2 dir1 将几个文件和目录同时压缩成一个zip格式的压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>unzip file1.zip 解压一个zip格式压缩包&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>RPM 包 - (Fedora, Redhat及类似系统)&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>rpm -ivh package.rpm 安装一个rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -ivh --nodeeps package.rpm 安装一个rpm包而忽略依赖关系警告&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -U package.rpm 更新一个rpm包但不改变其配置文件&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -F package.rpm 更新一个确定已经安装的rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -e package_name.rpm 删除一个rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qa 显示系统中所有已经安装的rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qa | grep httpd 显示所有名称中包含 &quot;httpd&quot; 字样的rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qi package_name 获取一个已安装包的特殊信息&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qg &quot;System Environment/Daemons&quot; 显示一个组件的rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -ql package_name 显示一个已经安装的rpm包提供的文件列表&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qc package_name 显示一个已经安装的rpm包提供的配置文件列表&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -q package_name --whatrequires 显示与一个rpm包存在依赖关系的列表&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -q package_name --whatprovides 显示一个rpm包所占的体积&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -q package_name --scripts 显示在安装/删除期间所执行的脚本l&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -q package_name --changelog 显示一个rpm包的修改历史&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 确认所给的文件由哪个rpm包所提供&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qp package.rpm -l 显示由一个尚未安装的rpm包提供的文件列表&nbsp;</p><p>rpm --import /media/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY 导入公钥数字证书&nbsp;</p><p>rpm --checksig package.rpm 确认一个rpm包的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -qa gpg-pubkey 确认已安装的所有rpm包的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -V package_name 检查文件尺寸、 许可、类型、所有者、群组、MD5检查以及最后修改时间&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -Va 检查系统中所有已安装的rpm包- 小心使用&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -Vp package.rpm 确认一个rpm包还未安装&nbsp;</p><p>rpm2cpio package.rpm | cpio --extract --make-directories *bin* 从一个rpm包运行可执行文件&nbsp;</p><p>rpm -ivh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/`arch`/package.rpm 从一个rpm源码安装一个构建好的包&nbsp;</p><p>rpmbuild --rebuild package_name.src.rpm 从一个rpm源码构建一个 rpm 包&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>YUM 软件包升级器 - (Fedora, RedHat及类似系统)</p><p><br/></p><p>&nbsp;yum install package_name 下载并安装一个rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>yum localinstall package_name.rpm 将安装一个rpm包,使用你自己的软件仓库为你解决所有依赖关系&nbsp;</p><p>yum update package_name.rpm 更新当前系统中所有安装的rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>yum update package_name 更新一个rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>yum remove package_name 删除一个rpm包&nbsp;</p><p>yum list 列出当前系统中安装的所有包&nbsp;</p><p>yum search package_name 在rpm仓库中搜寻软件包&nbsp;</p><p>yum clean packages 清理rpm缓存删除下载的包&nbsp;</p><p>yum clean headers 删除所有头文件&nbsp;</p><p>yum clean all 删除所有缓存的包和头文件&nbsp;</p><p>DEB 包 (Debian, Ubuntu 以及类似系统)&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>dpkg -i package.deb 安装/更新一个 deb 包&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg -r package_name 从系统删除一个 deb 包&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg -l 显示系统中所有已经安装的 deb 包&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg -l | grep httpd 显示所有名称中包含 &quot;httpd&quot; 字样的deb包&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg -s package_name 获得已经安装在系统中一个特殊包的信息&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg -L package_name 显示系统中已经安装的一个deb包所提供的文件列表&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg --contents package.deb 显示尚未安装的一个包所提供的文件列表&nbsp;</p><p>dpkg -S /bin/ping 确认所给的文件由哪个deb包提供&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>APT 软件工具 (Debian, Ubuntu 以及类似系统)&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>apt-get install package_name 安装/更新一个 deb 包&nbsp;</p><p>apt-cdrom install package_name 从光盘安装/更新一个 deb 包&nbsp;</p><p>apt-get update 升级列表中的软件包&nbsp;</p><p>apt-get upgrade 升级所有已安装的软件&nbsp;</p><p>apt-get remove package_name 从系统删除一个deb包&nbsp;</p><p>apt-get check 确认依赖的软件仓库正确&nbsp;</p><p>apt-get clean 从下载的软件包中清理缓存&nbsp;</p><p>apt-cache search searched-package 返回包含所要搜索字符串的软件包名称&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>看文件内容&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>cat file1 从第一个字节开始正向查看文件的内容&nbsp;</p><p>tac file1 从最后一行开始反向查看一个文件的内容&nbsp;</p><p>more file1 查看一个长文件的内容&nbsp;</p><p>less file1 类似于 &#39;more&#39; 命令,但是它允许在文件中和正向操作一样的反向操作&nbsp;</p><p>head -2 file1 查看一个文件的前两行&nbsp;</p><p>tail -2 file1 查看一个文件的最后两行&nbsp;</p><p>tail -f /var/log/messages 实时查看被添加到一个文件中的内容&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>文本处理&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>cat file1 file2 ... | command &lt;&gt; file1_in.txt_or_file1_out.txt general syntax for text manipulation using PIPE, STDIN and STDOUT&nbsp;</p><p>cat file1 | command( sed, grep, awk, grep, etc...) &gt; result.txt 合并一个文件的详细说明文本,并将简介写入一个新文件中&nbsp;</p><p>cat file1 | command( sed, grep, awk, grep, etc...) &gt;&gt; result.txt 合并一个文件的详细说明文本,并将简介写入一个已有的文件中&nbsp;</p><p>grep Aug /var/log/messages 在文件 &#39;/var/log/messages&#39;中查找关键词&quot;Aug&quot;&nbsp;</p><p>grep ^Aug /var/log/messages 在文件 &#39;/var/log/messages&#39;中查找以&quot;Aug&quot;开始的词汇&nbsp;</p><p>grep [0-9] /var/log/messages 选择 &#39;/var/log/messages&#39; 文件中所有包含数字的行&nbsp;</p><p>grep Aug -R /var/log/* 在目录 &#39;/var/log&#39; 及随后的目录中搜索字符串&quot;Aug&quot;&nbsp;</p><p>sed &#39;s/stringa1/stringa2/g&#39; example.txt 将example.txt文件中的 &quot;string1&quot; 替换成 &quot;string2&quot;&nbsp;</p><p>sed &#39;/^$/d&#39; example.txt 从example.txt文件中删除所有空白行&nbsp;</p><p>sed &#39;/ *#/d; /^$/d&#39; example.txt 从example.txt文件中删除所有注释和空白行&nbsp;</p><p>echo &#39;esempio&#39; | tr &#39;[:lower:]&#39; &#39;[:upper:]&#39; 合并上下单元格内容&nbsp;</p><p>sed -e &#39;1d&#39; result.txt 从文件example.txt 中排除第一行&nbsp;</p><p>sed -n &#39;/stringa1/p&#39; 查看只包含词汇 &quot;string1&quot;的行&nbsp;</p><p>sed -e &#39;s/ *$//&#39; example.txt 删除每一行最后的空白字符&nbsp;</p><p>sed -e &#39;s/stringa1//g&#39; example.txt 从文档中只删除词汇 &quot;string1&quot; 并保留剩余全部&nbsp;</p><p>sed -n &#39;1,5p;5q&#39; example.txt 查看从第一行到第5行内容&nbsp;</p><p>sed -n &#39;5p;5q&#39; example.txt 查看第5行&nbsp;</p><p>sed -e &#39;s/00*/0/g&#39; example.txt 用单个零替换多个零&nbsp;</p><p>cat -n file1 标示文件的行数&nbsp;</p><p>cat example.txt | awk &#39;NR%2==1&#39; 删除example.txt文件中的所有偶数行&nbsp;</p><p>echo a b c | awk &#39;{print $1}&#39; 查看一行第一栏&nbsp;</p><p>echo a b c | awk &#39;{print $1,$3}&#39; 查看一行的第一和第三栏&nbsp;</p><p>paste file1 file2 合并两个文件或两栏的内容&nbsp;</p><p>paste -d &#39;+&#39; file1 file2 合并两个文件或两栏的内容,中间用&quot;+&quot;区分&nbsp;</p><p>sort file1 file2 排序两个文件的内容&nbsp;</p><p>sort file1 file2 | uniq 取出两个文件的并集(重复的行只保留一份)&nbsp;</p><p>sort file1 file2 | uniq -u 删除交集,留下其他的行&nbsp;</p><p>sort file1 file2 | uniq -d 取出两个文件的交集(只留下同时存在于两个文件中的文件)&nbsp;</p><p>comm -1 file1 file2 比较两个文件的内容只删除 &#39;file1&#39; 所包含的内容&nbsp;</p><p>comm -2 file1 file2 比较两个文件的内容只删除 &#39;file2&#39; 所包含的内容&nbsp;</p><p>comm -3 file1 file2 比较两个文件的内容只删除两个文件共有的部分&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>字符设置和文件格式转换&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>dos2unix filedos.txt fileunix.txt 将一个文本文件的格式从MSDOS转换成UNIX&nbsp;</p><p>unix2dos fileunix.txt filedos.txt 将一个文本文件的格式从UNIX转换成MSDOS&nbsp;</p><p>recode ..HTML &lt; page.txt &gt; page.html 将一个文本文件转换成html&nbsp;</p><p>recode -l | more 显示所有允许的转换格式&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>文件系统分析&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>badblocks -v /dev/hda1 检查磁盘hda1上的坏磁块&nbsp;</p><p>fsck /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上linux文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>fsck.ext2 /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上ext2文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>e2fsck /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上ext2文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>e2fsck -j /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上ext3文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>fsck.ext3 /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上ext3文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>fsck.vfat /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上fat文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>fsck.msdos /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上dos文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>dosfsck /dev/hda1 修复/检查hda1磁盘上dos文件系统的完整性&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>初始化一个文件系统&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>mkfs /dev/hda1 在hda1分区创建一个文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>mke2fs /dev/hda1 在hda1分区创建一个linux ext2的文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>mke2fs -j /dev/hda1 在hda1分区创建一个linux ext3(日志型)的文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>mkfs -t vfat 32 -F /dev/hda1 创建一个 FAT32 文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>fdformat -n /dev/fd0 格式化一个软盘&nbsp;</p><p>mkswap /dev/hda3 创建一个swap文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>SWAP文件系统&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>mkswap /dev/hda3 创建一个swap文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>swapon /dev/hda3 启用一个新的swap文件系统&nbsp;</p><p>swapon /dev/hda2 /dev/hdb3 启用两个swap分区&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>备份&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>dump -0aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /home 制作一个 &#39;/home&#39; 目录的完整备份&nbsp;</p><p>dump -1aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /home 制作一个 &#39;/home&#39; 目录的交互式备份&nbsp;</p><p>restore -if /tmp/home0.bak 还原一个交互式备份&nbsp;</p><p>rsync -rogpav --delete /home /tmp 同步两边的目录&nbsp;</p><p>rsync -rogpav -e ssh --delete /home ip_address:/tmp 通过SSH通道rsync&nbsp;</p><p>rsync -az -e ssh --delete ip_addr:/home/public /home/local 通过ssh和压缩将一个远程目录同步到本地目录&nbsp;</p><p>rsync -az -e ssh --delete /home/local ip_addr:/home/public 通过ssh和压缩将本地目录同步到远程目录&nbsp;</p><p>dd bs=1M if=/dev/hda | gzip | ssh user@ip_addr &#39;dd of=hda.gz&#39; 通过ssh在远程主机上执行一次备份本地磁盘的操作&nbsp;</p><p>dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/file1 备份磁盘内容到一个文件&nbsp;</p><p>tar -Puf backup.tar /home/user 执行一次对 &#39;/home/user&#39; 目录的交互式备份操作&nbsp;</p><p>( cd /tmp/local/ &amp;&amp; tar c . ) | ssh -C user@ip_addr &#39;cd /home/share/ &amp;&amp; tar x -p&#39; 通过ssh在远程目录中复制一个目录内容&nbsp;</p><p>( tar c /home ) | ssh -C user@ip_addr &#39;cd /home/backup-home &amp;&amp; tar x -p&#39; 通过ssh在远程目录中复制一个本地目录&nbsp;</p><p>tar cf - . | (cd /tmp/backup ; tar xf - ) 本地将一个目录复制到另一个地方,保留原有权限及链接&nbsp;</p><p>find /home/user1 -name &#39;*.txt&#39; | xargs cp -av --target-directory=/home/backup/ --parents 从一个目录查找并复制所有以 &#39;.txt&#39; 结尾的文件到另一个目录&nbsp;</p><p>find /var/log -name &#39;*.log&#39; | tar cv --files-from=- | bzip2 &gt; log.tar.bz2 查找所有以 &#39;.log&#39; 结尾的文件并做成一个bzip包&nbsp;</p><p>dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1 做一个将 MBR (Master Boot Record)内容复制到软盘的动作&nbsp;</p><p>dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 从已经保存到软盘的备份中恢复MBR内容&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>光盘&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>cdrecord -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/cdrom -eject blank=fast -force 清空一个可复写的光盘内容&nbsp;</p><p>mkisofs /dev/cdrom &gt; cd.iso 在磁盘上创建一个光盘的iso镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>mkisofs /dev/cdrom | gzip &gt; cd_iso.gz 在磁盘上创建一个压缩了的光盘iso镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>mkisofs -J -allow-leading-dots -R -V &quot;Label CD&quot; -iso-level 4 -o ./cd.iso data_cd 创建一个目录的iso镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrom cd.iso 刻录一个ISO镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>gzip -dc cd_iso.gz | cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom - 刻录一个压缩了的ISO镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>mount -o loop cd.iso /mnt/iso 挂载一个ISO镜像文件&nbsp;</p><p>cd-paranoia -B 从一个CD光盘转录音轨到 wav 文件中&nbsp;</p><p>cd-paranoia -- &quot;-3&quot; 从一个CD光盘转录音轨到 wav 文件中(参数-3)&nbsp;</p><p>cdrecord --scanbus 扫描总线以识别scsi通道&nbsp;</p><p>dd if=/dev/hdc | md5sum 校验一个设备的md5sum编码,例如一张 CD&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>网络 - (以太网和WIFI无线)&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>ifconfig eth0 显示一个以太网卡的配置&nbsp;</p><p>ifup eth0 启用一个 &#39;eth0&#39; 网络设备&nbsp;</p><p>ifdown eth0 禁用一个 &#39;eth0&#39; 网络设备&nbsp;</p><p>ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 控制IP地址&nbsp;</p><p>ifconfig eth0 promisc 设置 &#39;eth0&#39; 成混杂模式以嗅探数据包 (sniffing)&nbsp;</p><p>dhclient eth0 以dhcp模式启用 &#39;eth0&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>route -n show routing table&nbsp;</p><p>route add -net 0/0 gw IP_Gateway configura default gateway&nbsp;</p><p>route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 configure static route to reach network &#39;192.168.0.0/16&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>route del 0/0 gw IP_gateway remove static route&nbsp;</p><p>echo &quot;1&quot; &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward activate ip routing&nbsp;</p><p>hostname show hostname of system&nbsp;</p><p>host www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa(1)&nbsp;</p><p>nslookup www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa(2)&nbsp;</p><p>ip link show show link status of all interfaces&nbsp;</p><p>mii-tool eth0 show link status of &#39;eth0&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>ethtool eth0 show statistics of network card &#39;eth0&#39;&nbsp;</p><p>netstat -tup show all active network connections and their PID&nbsp;</p><p>netstat -tupl show all network services listening on the system and their PID&nbsp;</p><p>tcpdump tcp port 80 show all HTTP traffic&nbsp;</p><p>iwlist scan show wireless networks&nbsp;</p><p>iwconfig eth1 show configuration of a wireless network card&nbsp;</p><p>hostname show hostname&nbsp;</p><p>host www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa&nbsp;</p><p>nslookup www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa&nbsp;</p><p>whois www.example.com lookup on Whois database&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>JPS工具</p><p><br/></p><p>jps(Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool)是JDK 1.5提供的一个显示当前所有java进程pid的命令,简单实用,非常适合在linux/unix平台上简单察看当前java进程的一些简单情况。</p><p><br/></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 我想很多人都是用过unix系统里的ps命令,这个命令主要是用来显示当前系统的进程情况,有哪些进程,及其 id。 jps 也是一样,它的作用是显示当前系统的java进程情况,及其id号。我们可以通过它来查看我们到底启动了几个java进程(因为每一个java程序都会独占一个java虚拟机实例),和他们的进程号(为下面几个程序做准备),并可通过opt来查看这些进程的详细启动参数。</p><p><br/></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;使用方法:在当前命令行下打 jps(需要JAVA_HOME,没有的话,到改程序的目录下打) 。</p><p><br/></p><p>jps存放在JAVA_HOME/bin/jps,使用时为了方便请将JAVA_HOME/bin/加入到Path.</p><p><br/></p><p>$&gt; jps</p><p>23991 Jps</p><p>23789 BossMain</p><p>23651 Resin</p><p><br/></p><p>比较常用的参数:</p><p><br/></p><p>-q 只显示pid,不显示class名称,jar文件名和传递给main 方法的参数</p><p>$&gt;&nbsp; jps -q</p><p>28680</p><p>23789</p><p>23651</p><p><br/></p><p>-m 输出传递给main 方法的参数,在嵌入式jvm上可能是null</p><p><br/></p><p>$&gt; jps -m</p><p>28715 Jps -m</p><p>23789 BossMain</p><p>23651 Resin -socketwait 32768 -stdout /data/aoxj/resin/log/stdout.log -stderr /data/aoxj/resin/log/stderr.log</p><p><br/></p><p>-l 输出应用程序main class的完整package名 或者 应用程序的jar文件完整路径名</p><p><br/></p><p>$&gt; jps -l</p><p>28729 sun.tools.jps.Jps</p><p>23789 com.asiainfo.aimc.bossbi.BossMain</p><p>23651 com.caucho.server.resin.Resin</p><p><br/></p><p>-v 输出传递给JVM的参数</p><p><br/></p><p>$&gt; jps -v</p><p>23789 BossMain</p><p>28802 Jps -Denv.class.path=/data/aoxj/bossbi/twsecurity/java/trustwork140.jar:/data/aoxj/bossbi/twsecurity/java/:/data/aoxj/bossbi/twsecurity/java/twcmcc.jar:/data/aoxj/jdk15/lib/rt.jar:/data/aoxj/jd</p><p><br/></p><p>k15/lib/tools.jar -Dapplication.home=/data/aoxj/jdk15 -Xms8m</p><p>23651 Resin -Xss1m -Dresin.home=/data/aoxj/resin -Dserver.root=/data/aoxj/resin -Djava.util.logging.manager=com.caucho.log.LogManagerImpl -</p><p><br/></p><p>Djavax.management.builder.initial=com.caucho.jmx.MBeanServerBuilderImpl</p><p><br/></p><p>sudo jps看到的进程数量最全</p><p><br/></p><p>jps 192.168.0.77</p><p><br/></p><p>列出远程服务器192.168.0.77机器所有的jvm实例,采用rmi协议,默认连接端口为1099</p><p><br/></p><p>(前提是远程服务器提供jstatd服务)</p><p><br/></p><p>注:jps命令有个地方很不好,似乎只能显示当前用户的java进程,要显示其他用户的还是只能用unix/linux的ps命令。</p><p><br/></p>

  • 广达 S210-X12RS 主板上更换RAID卡教程
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;">广达 S210-X12RS 主板上更换RAID卡教程</span></span></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13px; font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: red;">&nbsp;</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: red;">目的:</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13px; font-family: 宋体;">IBM&nbsp;M5110 RAID</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13px; font-family: 宋体;">卡 更换 LSI MR9266-8i RAID卡 ,把之前主板上接入IBMI M5110卡PORT 0口的 SAS线拨插到LSI MR9266-8i卡上的A1 卡槽,PORT 1 口 SAS线对应B1卡槽,图示信息如下:</span></span></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5c73bc356ee72.jpg" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-02-25/5c73bc356ee72.jpg" alt="22.jpg" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13px; font-family: 宋体;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5c73bca72b9de.jpeg" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-02-25/5c73bca72b9de.jpeg" alt="2.jpeg" /></span></span></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13px; font-family: 宋体;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5c73bd66646c6.jpg" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-02-25/5c73bd66646c6.jpg" alt="333.jpg" /></span></span></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5c73bda27a847.jpg" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-02-25/5c73bda27a847.jpg" alt="44.jpg" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • 查看Windows端口占用
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"> 在Windows10系统桌面,右键点击桌面左下角的Windows徽标键,在弹出的菜单中选择&ldquo;命令提示符(管理员)&rdquo;菜单项。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324c9c5104.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324c9c5104.png" alt="1.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">2、在打开的命令提示符窗口中,输入命令netstat -ano,然后按下回车键</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324d0ef356.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324d0ef356.png" alt="2.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">3、这时就会列出电脑上所有正在使用的端口的情况。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324d7323b1.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324d7323b1.png" alt="3.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">4、如果想查看某个端口的详细信息,只需要在命令提示符窗口中输入netstat -aon|findstr "XXXX"命令即可,比如要查看135端口号的程序的话,输入netstat -aon|findstr&nbsp; "135"</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324e428cd3.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324e428cd3.png" alt="4.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">5、这时就会列出135端口占用的程序的PID号,笔者电脑是864,记下该PID</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324eb6b761.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324eb6b761.png" alt="5.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">6、右键点击Windows10桌面底部的任务栏菜单项,在弹出菜单中选择&ldquo;任务管理器&rdquo;菜单项。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324f2613ed.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324f2613ed.png" alt="6.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">7、在打开的任务管理器窗口中,可以看到当前PID为864对应的进程了。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d1324f88ffec.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d1324f88ffec.png" alt="7.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • 查看linux端口进程占用
    2020-07-04

    <ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 20px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; box-sizing: border-box;"> <li style="margin: 0.15rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; font-size: 0.16rem;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">查询被占用的端口。首先是需要输入命令,查看被占用的端口的进程,netstat -tunpl |grep&nbsp;端口号</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d131d332f32d.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d131d332f32d.png" alt="1.png" /></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0.15rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; font-size: 0.16rem;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">查询进程id。通过上面的命令就可以列出,这个端口被哪些应用程序所占用,然后找到对应的进程ID,</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d131d47b7274.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d131d47b7274.png" alt="2.png" /></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0.15rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; font-size: 0.16rem;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">根据集成id查询进程。如果想详细查看这个进程,ID具体是哪一个进程,可以通过命令的方式进行查看进程的详细信息,ps -ef|grep&nbsp;进程ID</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d131d4eceaeb.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d131d4eceaeb.png" alt="3.png" /></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0.15rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; font-size: 0.16rem;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">查看进程详情信息。通过执行上面的命令,就可以看到这个进程的详细信息,同时也可以看到这个进程存在的目录,进程执行的文件等信息,</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d131d55ec55a.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d131d55ec55a.png" alt="4.png" /></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0.15rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; font-size: 0.16rem;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">查看进行所在目录。通过ll /proc/进程ID/cwd 命令,可以直接查看进程所在的目录,这样的话就可以快速定位到进程的目录,</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d131d5ca9270.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d131d5ca9270.png" alt="5.png" /></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0.15rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; font-size: 0.16rem;"> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">操作进程。查找他的新车目录之后,就可以对这个应用程序进行一系列的操作,比如说重启删除等,</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 800px; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" title="5d131d632c8d9.png" src="https://cos.qg.net/Uploads/image/2019-06-26/5d131d632c8d9.png" alt="6.png" /></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • Windows远程问题
    2020-07-04

    <h2 style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;color:rgb(42,48,59); letter-spacing:0.0000pt;font-weight:bold;text-transform:none;="" font-style:normal;font-size:16.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;="" background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">windows远程问题</spanyes';font-family:宋体;color:rgb(42,48,59);></h2> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">一、远程时候出现内部错误</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">方法一:</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">这种情况一般都是远程服务太忙导致,进入服务器,重启远程桌面服务。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">在服务器里面打开服务管理(cmd中输入services.msc)</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">找到Remote Desktop Services服务,重启该服务。</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">方法二:</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">如果你的电脑无法连接,而其他人可以连接,则可以尝试cmd中执行&nbsp;netsh winsock reset&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">方法三:</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">1、</span></span><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">开始</span>-<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">运行</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-gpedit.msc</span><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 100%; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.qg.net/uploads/image/2020-04-26/5ea4e3ec3cc4c.png" /></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt;">2、</span><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0pt; font-size: 0.16rem;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">计算器配置</span>-<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">管理模板</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-windows</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">组件</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">远程桌面服务</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">远程桌面会话主机</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">连接</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">限制连接的数量</span></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 100%; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.qg.net/uploads/image/2020-04-26/5ea4e69274d25.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">双击修改最大连接数</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 100%; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.qg.net/uploads/image/2020-04-26/5ea4e6a7320e6.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">二、win7远程卡顿问题<spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">1<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">、开始运行</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Calibri;">-mstsc</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">打</span></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 0.16rem;">开显示选项</span></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 100%; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.qg.net/uploads/image/2020-04-26/5ea4e7de35b79.png" /></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 0pt; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-indent: 0pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt;">2、显示</span><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">分辨率适当调低,可以更低,颜色增强色</span>16<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">位,体验中的选择为低速带宽</span><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 0pt; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-indent: 0pt;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 100%; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.qg.net/uploads/image/2020-04-26/5ea4e8051430d.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 0pt; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-indent: 0pt;"><img style="border: none; max-width: 100%; max-height: 600px; object-fit: contain; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.qg.net/uploads/image/2020-04-26/5ea4e7e8e34b8.png" /></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 0pt; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-indent: 0pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 0pt; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-indent: 0pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px 10px 0pt; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5; text-indent: 0pt;"><spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'times="" new="" roman';font-size:10.5000pt;="" mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /></spanyes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • 服务器常见故障类型
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">一、服务器常见故障类型分类:</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">A. 开机无显示</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">B. 加电BIOS自检阶段故障</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">C. 系统和软件安装阶段故障和现象</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">D. 操作系统启动失败</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">E. 系统运行阶段故障</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">二、服务器常见故障现象及其对应的排除方法</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">A.服务器开机无显示(加电无显示和不加电无显示)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1. 检查供电环境</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2. 检查电源和故障指示灯(故障指示灯状态,目前很多厂商的服务器都有故障指示灯,或故障诊断卡等。)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">3. 按下电源开关时,键盘指示灯是否亮、风扇是否全部转动</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">4. 是否更换过显示器,尝试更换另外一台显示器</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">5. 插拔内存,用橡皮擦擦拭一下金手指,如果在故障之前有增加内存,去掉增加的内存尝试</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">6. 是否添加了CPU,如果有增加CPU尝试去掉</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">7. 去掉增加的第三方I/O卡包括Raid卡等</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">8.ClearCMOS (记得使用跳线来清除,尽量不要直接拔电池,每款服务器清除跳线位置不一致,具体找不到电话联系一下厂商客服)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">9. 尝试更换主板、内存等主要部件</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">10.清除静电,将电源线等外插在服务器上的线缆全部拔掉,然后轻按开机键几下</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">B.加电BIOS自检报错</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1. 根据BIOS自检报错信息提示</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2. 查看是否外插了第三方的卡或者添加部件,如果有还原基本配置重启</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">3. 做最小化测试</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">4. 尝试清除CMOS</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">5. 看能否正常进入BIOS</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">C. 系统安装阶段故障和现象</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1.查看服务器支持操作系统的兼容版本(从厂商能查到兼容性列表)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2.系统安装蓝屏(对蓝屏故障代码诊断)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">3.安装在分区格式化的时候找不到硬盘</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">(阵列驱动没有安装或者没有配置阵列,可以尝试适应引导光盘安装)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">4.大于2T的硬盘式应该如何分区(必须使用阵列卡才能实现或者有外插识别卡)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">(使用阵列卡配置阵列分成一个小于2T的空间,一个大于2T的空间,然后将系统安装在小于2T的上面,安装好系统后在使用GPT方式分区即可)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">5.安装过程是死机</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;(检查兼容性列表---查看硬盘接口选择是否正确---阵列驱动安装是否正确---尝试最小化配置安装检查是否为内存和CPU等问题)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">6.引导光盘安装失败</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">(使用引导光盘安装失败,查看引导光盘版本是否匹配,尝试手动安装系统,如有阵列重新配置阵列引导安装)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">D. 操作系统启动失败</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1.在系统启动自检过程中有报错 (具体查看启动报错信息在定方案)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2.启动系统蓝屏(查看蓝屏代码核对)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">3.进入登陆界面死机(查看进入单用户或者安全模式是否正常,进入BIOS是否正常、是否会死机,进入磁盘阵列查看阵列状态是否正常,检查测试硬盘是否有坏道,最小化配置启动)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">4.忘记密码 &nbsp;(windows 使用PE 破解,linux 进入单用户破解)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">E. 系统运行阶段故障</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1.安装数据库等应用软件报错 (对系统版本和软件版本是否兼容,查看报错信息是否缺少插件)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2.系统运行速度变慢 (查杀病毒,检测阵列状态,测试硬盘有无坏道,重新安装系统或者修复)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">3.运行蓝屏 (查看蓝屏代码目录)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">4.运行死机 (检查进入BIOS是否死机,进入系统后测试部件温度是否正常,windows系统查看dump文件)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">5.硬盘拷贝数据文件速度变慢 &nbsp;(测试硬盘是否有坏道,如果有阵列检查阵列状态,检查改变条带大小,与软件应用要求测试对比)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">三.服务器故障排错的基本原则:</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1. 尽量恢复系统出厂配置</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">a:硬件配置:去除第三方厂商备件和非标配备件</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">b:资源配置:清除CMOS、恢复资源初始配置</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">c: BIOS、F/W、驱动程序:升级最新的BIOS、F/W和相关驱动程序</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">d: TPL:扩展的第三方的I/O卡是否属于该机型的硬件兼容列表(TPL)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2. 从基本到复杂</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">a:系统上从个体到网络:首先将存在故障的服务器独立运行,待测试正常后再接入网络运行,观察故障现象变化并处理。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">b:硬件上从最小系统到现实系统:指从可以运行的硬件开始逐步到现实系统为止。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">c: 软件上从基本系统到现实系统:指从基本操作系统开始逐步到现实系统为止。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">3. 部件交换对比测试</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">a:在最大可能相同的条件下,交换操作简单效果明显的部件</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">b:交换NOS载体,既交换软件环境</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">c:交换硬件,既交换硬件环境</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">d:交换整机,既交换整体环境</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">总结:</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">在服务器的维修中,线索都会显得扑朔迷离,有的甚至按起葫芦翘起瓢。一般来说不可能一次就可以准确地判断出问题的所在。这样就要求工程师要有信心和耐心。出现错误一般的方法都是根据经验优先使用最简单排错方法测试,如果没有解决问题再找其它因素进行测试。总之,服务器出错后必须一步一步解决,没有捷径可言。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">四、服务器故障排除需要收集哪些信息</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1.服务器信息:</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">①. 机器型号: 什么厂家的机器、什么型号如:DELL R720服务器</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">②. 机器序列号或主机编号(如:主机编号为NC00755666)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">③. 是否增加其它设备,如网卡、Raid 卡、内存、CPU等</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">④. 硬盘配置,如是否做磁盘阵列, 阵列级别</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">⑤. 安装什么操作系统及版本(win2003、Redhat等)</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">⑥. 在故障前有没有做过操作、或者运行了什么软件</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">⑦. BIOS 版本</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">2.故障信息:</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;①. 在POST自检时,屏幕显示的异常信息</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;②. 服务器本身指示灯的状态</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;③. 报警声和BEEP CODES</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;④. 系统的事件记录文件</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">&nbsp;⑤. Sel 日志</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">五、服务器常见内存故障现象实例</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">服务器常用部件除了硬盘以外就是内存了,内存为服务器主要部件以个人经验来讲它一旦出现问题不是很好来判定,因为服务器一般来讲都会由阵列功能的,一旦硬盘故障硬盘前面板会有指示灯,没有指示灯的在阵列的配置界面里面也会看到有降级或者硬盘离线的报错信息的。实在不行我们还有很多像HD等硬盘检测工具来给我们现场使用。但是内存不是很好来观察只能通过一些经验现象来判定。下面列出一些内存常见问题现象供大家参考。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障一:开机无显示</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">内存条原因出现此类故障一般是因为内存条与主板内存插槽接触不良造成,只要用橡皮擦来回擦试其金手指部位即可解决问题(不要用酒精等清洗),还有就是内存损坏或主板内存槽有问题也会造成此类故障。由于内存条原因造成开机无显示故障,主机扬声器一般都会长时间蜂鸣(针对Award Bios而言)。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障二:Windows注册表经常无故损坏,提示要求用户恢复</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">此类故障一般都是因为内存条质量不佳引起,很难予以修复,唯有更换一途。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障三:Windows经常自动进入安全模式</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">此类故障一般是由于主板与内存条不兼容或内存条质量不佳引起,常见于高频率的内存用于某些不支持此频率内存条的主板上,可以尝试在CMOS设置内降低内存读取速度看能否解决问题,如若不行,那就只有更换内存条了</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障四:随机性死机</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">此类故障一般是由于采用了几种不同芯片的内存条,由于各内存条速度不同产生一个时间差从而导致死机,对此可以在CMOS设置内降低内存速度予以解决,否则,唯有使用同型号内存。还有一种可能就是内存条与主板不兼容,此类现象一般少见,另外也有可能是内存条与主板接触不良引起电脑随机性死机。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障五:内存加大后系统资源反而降低</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">此类现象一般是由于主板与内存不兼容引起,常见于高频率的内存内存条用于某些不支持此频率的内存条的主板上,当出现这样的故障后你可以试着在COMS中将内存的速度设置得低一点试试。</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障六:运行某些软件时经常出现内存不足的提示</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">此现象一般是由于系统盘剩余空间不足造成,可以删除一些无用文件,多留一些空间即可,一般保持在300M左右为宜</p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见故障七:从硬盘引导安装Windows进行到检测磁盘空间时,系统提示内存不足</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 30px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word;">此类故障一般是由于用户在config.sys文件中加入了emm386.exe文件,只要将其屏蔽掉即可解决问题</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

  • 服务器阵列卡及硬盘健康监控
    2020-07-04

    <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;">通常,我们使用的DELL/HP/IBM三家的服务器阵列卡是从LSI的卡OEM出来的,DELL和IBM两家的阵列卡原生程度较高, 没有做太多封装,可以用原厂提供的阵列卡管理工具进行监控;而HP的阵列卡一般都做过封装了,因此需要使用自身特有的管理工具来监控。</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;">本文以几种常用的阵列卡为例,展示其阵列卡及硬盘监控的方法。<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">DELL SAS 6/iR卡</span>,全称LSI Logic SAS1068E,只支持RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 1+0, 不支持RAID 5等高级RAID特性,不支持阵列卡电池。<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">DELL PERC PERC H700卡</span>,全称LSI Logic MegaRAID SAS 2108,支持各种RAID级别及高级特性,可选配阵列卡电池。<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DELL PERC H310 Mini卡</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">&nbsp;</span></span>,全称LSI Logic / Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 2008,支持常见RAID级别,不支持高级RAID特性,不支持阵列卡电池。<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">IBM ServeRAID M5014 SAS/SATA Controller卡</span>,全称LSI Logic / Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 2108,支持各种RAID级别及高级特性,可选配阵列卡电池。<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">IBM ServeRAID-MR10i SAS/SATA Controller卡</span>, 全称LSI Logic / Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 1078,支持常见RAID级别,不支持高级RAID特性,可选配阵列卡电池,这个卡其实和DELL的PERC 6/i卡是一样的,都是基于LSI MegaRAID SAS 1078基础上OEM出来的。</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;">上面是几种常见的阵列卡型号,更多的可以自行查看官方的技术手册,或者待我们日后补充。</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;">一般地,支持RAID 5的卡,我们称其为阵列卡,都可以使用LSI官方提供的MegaCli工具来管理,而不支持RAID 5的卡,我们称其为SAS卡,使用lsiutil工具来管理。HP的服务器使用其特有的hpacucli工具来管理。</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">1、MegaCli工具</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">a) MegaCli -adpallinfo -aall &mdash; 查看阵列卡信息</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />-a 参数指定阵列卡的编号,一般服务器上只会配一个阵列卡,因此我们通常指定为 -a0(阵列卡适配器编号,从0开始) 即可,主要关注下面几个信息:</p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; padding: 0px; margin: 10px 0px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-left: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="748"> <tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">状态值</span></td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">对应含义</span></td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Product Name : PERC H710 Mini</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;阵列卡名称</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">FW Package Build: 21.2.0-0007</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;阵列卡firmware版本号,版本如果太低,建议升级以提高稳定性及性能</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">BBU : Present</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;是否有配BBU电池</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">b) MegaCli -cfgdsply -aall &mdash; 查看阵列配置</span></p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; padding: 0px; margin: 10px 0px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-left: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="748"> <tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">状态值</span></td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">对应含义</span></td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Memory: 512MB</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;阵列卡cache大小,2的N次方,如果不是,说明阵列卡有异常</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Number of dedicated Hotspares: 0</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;阵列是否有专用/独享热备盘(如果有多个逻辑磁盘组/disk group,则可以指定一个硬盘用于全局热备,那么该disk group上的专用热备盘数量为0也不用担心),除了RAID 1/RAID 1+0一般不指定热备盘以外,其他几个阵列级别建议都要指定热备盘</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">State : Optimal</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;阵列状态,如果不是 Optimal 就要关注了</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, Write Cache OK if Bad BBU</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;阵列读写cache策略,建议写策略设置为FORCE WB,最起码是WB,预读策略可以关掉,意义不大,几乎没影响</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Disk Cache Policy : Disabled</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;硬盘cache策略,建议关闭,防止意外时数据丢失</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Current Power Savings Policy: None</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;节电策略,建议关闭</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Media Error Count: 0</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;三个错误计数器,任何一个值大于100就要立刻引起关注,尤其要关注起增长速度。1T以上SATA盘,计数值不够精确,可能所有盘上该值都会大于0,一般重启就会重新清0,如果重启后还是大于0的话,赶紧报修吧。SAS盘的计数值则比较准确。</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Other Error Count: 0</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Predictive Failure Count: 0</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Firmware state: Online, Spun Up</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;查看硬盘状态,如果是unconfigured表示该硬盘未分 配加入到阵列中;如果是 unconfigured(bad)表示该盘不但是未分配,而且还坏了,正是&ldquo;出师未捷身先死&rdquo;;如果是failed,表示该盘故障无法识别;如果是 rebuilding,表示该盘正在重建数据</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">c) MegaCli -adpbbucmd -aall &mdash; 查看阵列卡电池信息</span></p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; padding: 0px; margin: 10px 0px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-left: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="748"> <tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">状态值</span></td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">对应含义</span></td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Temperature: 39 C</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;查看电池温度,如果相比上一次查看高出不少,就需要关注了,或者可以根据经验设置一个基线值</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Battery State: Optimal</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;电池状态,如果不是为Optimal,就需要关注了</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Charger Status: Complete</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;电池充放电状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">isSOHGood: Yes</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;电池状态,如果不是为Yes,需要关注</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Relative State of Charge: 93 %</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;当前电量,当电量低于15%,或者电池坏掉时,默认都会将写策略从WB改成WT,除非设定为FORCE WB策略</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Max Error = 0 %</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;电池是否有错误信息</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Next Learn time: Tue Oct 14 22:06:50 2014</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;电池充放电时间,注意这是美国时间。另外,新的阵列卡电池很多改成电容式的了,也就不需要重复充放电了</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">d) MegaCli -fwtermlog -dsply -aALL 查看阵列卡日志,关注里面的error/fail/warn等多个关键字</span></p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">2、lsiutil工具</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />lsiutil有交互和非交互两种方式,作为监控,我们肯定选择非交互模式。想要使用交互模式的,可以根据非交互模式自行练习。<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">a) lsiutil -p 1 -a 20,12,0,0 &mdash; 查看硬盘计数器</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />Invalid DWord Count 2,563 &mdash; 任何一个值大于0,都需要引起关注<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />Running Disparity Error Count 2,366<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />Loss of DWord Synch Count 0<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />Phy Reset Problem Count 0</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">b) lsiutil -p 1 -a 21,1,0,0,0 &mdash; 查看逻辑卷状态</span></p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; padding: 0px; margin: 10px 0px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-left: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="748"> <tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">状态值</span></td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">对应含义</span></td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Volume State: optimal, enabled</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;逻辑卷健康状况</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Volume draws from Hot Spare Pools: 0</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;是否有热备</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Volume Size 139392 MB, 2 Members</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;由几块硬盘组成</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Primary is PhysDisk 1 (Bus 0 Target 9)</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;物理硬盘1</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Secondary is PhysDisk 0 (Bus 0 Target 3)</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;物理硬盘0</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">c) lsiutil -p 1 -a 21,2,0,0,0 &mdash; 查看物理硬盘状态</span></p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; padding: 0px; margin: 10px 0px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-left: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="748"> <tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">状态值</span></td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">对应含义</span></td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">PhysDisk 0 is Bus 0 Target 3</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;编号</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">PhysDisk State: online</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Error Count 13, Last Error: Command = 28h, Key = 3, ASC/ASCQ = 11h/00h</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;错误计数器,大于0的话,就需要引起关注</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">3、hpacucli工具</span><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" />hpacucli工具查看阵列、硬盘、电池信息,其实就只要一条指令:<br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #0000ff;">hpacucli ctrl all show config detail &mdash; 查看阵列详细信息、配置</span></p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; padding: 0px; margin: 10px 0px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-left: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="748"> <tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">状态值</span></td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #800000;">对应含义</span></td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Controller Status: OK</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">阵列卡状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Firmware Version: 1.18</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">firmware版本,太低了建议升级,以提高稳定性及性能</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Cache Board Present: True</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">是否配备了cache模块</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Cache Status: OK</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">cache模块状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Cache Ratio: 100% Read / 0% Write</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">cache策略,此处只有读cache,不用于写cache,因为没有bbu电池,见下方结果</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Drive Write Cache: Disabled</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">关闭磁盘cache</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Total Cache Size: 256 MB</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">cache大小</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Total Cache Memory Available: 208 MB</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">实际可用cache大小,和理论cache大小不一样,说明cache模块可能有问题</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">No-Battery Write Cache: Disabled</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">关闭FORCEWB策略</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Battery/Capacitor Count: 0</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">阵列卡BBU电池数量为0,也就是没有BBU模块</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Battery/Capacitor Status: Failed (Replace Batteries)</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">阵列卡BBU电池状态,这里显示是错误状态,需要及时更换</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Array: A</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一个乌列阵列,编号从A开始,依次是A、B、C</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Status: OK</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">物理阵列状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">&nbsp;</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Logical Drive: 1</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一个逻辑卷,编号从1开始</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Fault Tolerance: RAID 5</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一个逻辑卷的阵列级别</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Status: OK</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一个逻辑卷状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Caching: Enabled</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一个逻辑卷是否启用了cache策略</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">&nbsp;</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">physicaldrive 1I:1:1</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一块物理硬盘,编号从1开始</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Status: OK</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一块物理硬盘状态</td> </tr> <tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="352">Firmware Revision: HPDA</td> <td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; border: 0px initial initial;" width="759">第一块物理硬盘firmware,如果太低,也需要及时升级,HP的硬盘每个批次都有不同的firmware</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;">延伸阅读:</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 22px; border: 0px; font-family: 'Droid Sans', 'helvetica neue', helvetica, arial, georgia; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #777777;"><a href="http://www.lsi.com/downloads/Public/Obsolete/Obsolete%20Common%20Files/mr_sas_stor_ug.pdf">http://www.lsi.com/downloads/Public/Obsolete/Obsolete%20Common%20Files/mr_sas_stor_ug.pdf</a><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><a href="http://www.hp.com/ctg/Manual/c00709035.pdf">http://www.hp.com/ctg/Manual/c00709035.pdf</a><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><a href="http://www.wafl.co.uk/tag/sasadmin/">http://www.wafl.co.uk/tag/sasadmin/</a><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" /><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19121-01/sf.x4200/819-1157-23/F_BIOS_RAID.html">http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19121-01/sf.x4200/819-1157-23/F_BIOS_RAID.html</a></p> <p style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;">&nbsp;</p>

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